10 Writing Mistakes That Give Readers Heartburn

image by Brett_Hondow

image by Brett_Hondow

These mistakes could irritate and lose your readers for your current book and all your future books.

  1. Insufficient grounding. The reader struggles to establish the who, where, and when from the beginning of a book or scene.
  • The age of the character’s son isn’t revealed. The reader thinks he’s three years old, but then the child’s vocabulary is advanced for three.
  • Information is withheld at the beginning as a device to add fun. Confusion isn’t fun.
  • Where the heroine lives is missing. The reader wonders whether the heroine’s move to Florida is as burdensome as she laments.
  1. Inconsistencies.
  • The author tells the reader a character lacks accounting knowledge. Later, the character gabs knowledgeably about accounts receivable.
  • The author tells the reader that a character is cruel, but the character’s actions and dialogue show the character is a caring person.
  1. image by Meditations

    image by Meditations

    Pulling solutions from the sky. The reader anticipates a clever solution to a character’s predicament.
  • The heroine loses everything. Her child needs surgery desperately. An acquaintance dies and leaves her $100,000 because he’s always admired her spunk.
  • Plot setups are missing from the book’s first half, so later, the author has the character talk about behind-the-scene events to make the weak plot work.
  1. Poor transitions. After time breaks or switching to another character’s point of view (POV), the reader lacks sufficient information to shift gears.
  • Whose POV is she in?
  • A new place isn’t mentioned, but the setting seems different.
  • The time appears earlier than when leaving the last character’s POV. Is the story going backward?
  1. Cliches. The story reeks of tired phrases:
  • She was never at a loss for words, and she had ants in her pants.
  • As luck would have it, her dog was the ace in the hole.
  • Around Mark, she was all thumbs, which put her back at square one.

 

image by kaboompics

image by kaboompics

6.  Excessive details. The reader skims, looking for substance and the plot.

  • Five paragraphs written about setting the table.
  • Obvious motives explained, or an action is reiterated in another way; information repeated.
  • Topics belabored in dialogue or internal thoughts.
  1. Awkward sections. The reader reads a sentence or paragraph three times, then gives up.
  • Vague words used (it and that, and she referring to one of three possible women).
  • Words or phrases are put together so the sentence makes no sense.
  1. Misusing secondary characters.
  • The long description of a character makes the reader think the character is important to the plot. The character never reappears.
  • A secondary character serves no purpose in developing the hero or the plot and distracts the reader from the hero’s story.
  1. image by d97jro

    image by d97jro

    Suspension of belief. Disbelief wrenches the reader from the story.
  • The character’s excessive or dramatic emotions (or lack of emotions) don’t match the seriousness of events.
  • The character suddenly has knowledge or a super power that was never hinted at previously.
  1.  Unresolved Subplots.
  • The reader anticipates learning who the baby’s father is, but the father’s identity isn’t revealed.

Don’t lose readers because of these 10 writing mistakes. Click to tweet.

What makes you put a book down permanently?

Using Backstory in Chapter 1 Without Adding Backstory

image by KimKin

image by KimKin

I’m rewriting a story to take care of some issues. While struggling with the first chapter, I saw David Corbett’s article, “Backstory From the Front” published in Writers Digest July/August 2016. His concept of how to use backstory is exactly what I needed.

image by AWFG_Berlin

image by AWFG_Berlin

I’m talking about stories that rely on empathy for dramatic impact. In my story, I’ll address what happens and what the events mean to my character. If you write action, superhero, or mystery stories, backstory may not be as important to your plot.

 

 

Use of Backstory  

 

Corbett tells us to “employ the past in service of the present.” I’m not to dump or even ease in backstory in Chapter 1. No flashbacks. Instead, I must know the backstory well so I can employ my character’s backstory in how she navigates the world. And, how she evaluates the effects and meaning of events on her journey to determine what she’ll do next.

baseball-307165_1280So, in chapter one my character’s past needs to be embedded in how she thinks, feels, and assesses circumstances. My goal is to focus on what happens in Chapter 1, letting her be the person her past has created.

 

 

Corbett suggests that if our story is about our character overcoming the past then revealing important past events may be required, but they shouldn’t be given in Chapter 1. Corbett advises that necessary backstory should be reserved “until crucial moments of self-evaluation are required to justify a key decision or action.”

In Chapter 1, what should come through about my character from her backstory are:

  • her values, the ones she thinks she should live by, but possibly doesn’t;
  • her attitude, how she reacts to events; and
  • her wants.

Her past has shaped her desire or yearning for her wants, and the reason—a wound, shortcoming, restraint, or flaw—that she hasn’t obtained them yet.

In learning how she’ll deal with present events, Corbett suggests we examine key moments in her life. Here are a few he lists:

  • image by SEVENHEADS

    image by SEVENHEADS

    shame
  • guilt
  • fear
  • courage
  • loss
  • love

These key moments mold how my character operates—her sense of what’s

  • possible
  • probable
  • impossible
  • dreams – realistic or fanciful

I’m excited to introduce my character using how her backstory makes her who she is. It’ll be fun to create suspense for the reader until the right moments to reveal important past events as she makes decisions and moves forward in her journey.

Chapter 1: don’t tell backstory; show its effect on how a character presently operates. Click to tweet.

In thinking about your character, what’s one effect backstory has had on how he/she operates?

Flashbacks: When They’re Not Appropriate & Tips for When They Are

image by 304cina62

image by 304cina62

While researching whether or not to use flashbacks, I received warnings from, “Don’t,” to “If you must.”

Reasons to resist flashbacks.

image by OpenClipart-Vectors

image by OpenClipart-Vectors

They often:

  • stem from the author’s wish to explain everything – info dumps of old news.
  • tell information that can be shown through current scenes and dialogue.
  • may indicate, if especially long, that the main story should’ve started earlier.
  • beg that a prologue may be a better vehicle.
  • halt the story, distract the reader, and cause a reader to lose interest.
  • remove suspense, ending the reader’s desire to know a secret.
  • are unnecessary if they don’t advance the present plot, or exist for no good reason.

Reasons to include flashbacks.

 

They:

  • image by geralt

    image by geralt

    assist a dual-story – chapters alternate between a past time and a present time
  • provide crucial information when there’s no other way to include it.
  • provide backstory in a more dramatic, immediate way than a character in the present telling it.
  • may work for a prologue to reveal something essential to the story that happens several years earlier in the character’s life or in the story world.
  • provide a device to tell the story of a character with memory loss.

Tips for Writing Necessary Flashbacks

 

General:

  • Don’t use flashbacks as a cop-out to avoid writing difficult present story.
  • Don’t include more than one or two flashbacks.
  • Let go of a merely interesting flashback from a character’s biography.
  • Use flashbacks only after the reader’s engaged in the story and knows the character (after several scenes).
  • Make sure a flashback advances the main story.
  • Make sure a flashback scene, like a main-story scene, has goals, motivations, and resolutions.
  • Give long flashbacks their own chapter or scene.
  • Hold back flashbacks until the reader must know the information – keep the suspense going.
  • Have flashbacks follow exciting scenes so the reader will want to return to the main story.

Specifics:

image by venturaartist

image by venturaartist

Tip 1: Make it clear the character is going back in time.

  • Give the character a trigger – he sees an object, smells a scent, or experiences an action.
  • For stories written in past tense, use past perfect tense a few times when entering the flashback. Once in, switch to past tense until near the end of the flashback, then switch to past perfect a few times. After leaving the flashback, return to past tense. (Limits cumbersome past perfect.)

For stories written in present tense, use the simple past in the flashback.

Tip 2: Write the flashback so it:

  • Serves a purpose – shows what shaped characters into who they are now or shows past story world.
  • Engages the reader.
  • Is limited to key moments.

Tip 3: Write ending sentences that transition the reader and character from the flashback.

  • Use another trigger – abrupt or easing.
  • Change verb tense as mentioned above.

Tip 4: After the flashback, the reader must see the character or story world in a new light as they read forward in the present.

Flashbacks: dangers, benefits & tips for writing necessary ones. Click to tweet.

For what other reasons should we use or not use flashbacks?

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American Christian Fiction Writers

American Christian Fiction Writers

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